Ш-20

НИ ШАГУ NP gen Invar

1. \Ш-20 (дальше, вперед, назад и т. п.) ( indep. sent used as imper

do not move (used as a command forbidding s.o. to move from the precise spot where he is standing)

not a (one) step farther!

freeze! stay where you are! stay put! don't move (budge) (an inch)!

2. — к кому, куда coll (predic

subj: human usu. used as imper

not to visit s.o. or go to some place at all ( usu. used as an order or warning): Imper к Y-y (в место Z) - ни шагу = don't (don't you dare etc) set foot in Y's house (at Y's apartment, in place Z etc)

don't even think about going to Yb house (Yb apartment, place Z etc) don't even think about going to see Y.

3. - откуда coll (predic

subj: human (often omitted)) not to leave some place (for a certain period of time or ever) (often used as a command): Imper из места Z ни шагу — don't set foot outside (out of) place Z.

(Мурзавецкая:) Смотреть за Аполлоном Викторычем, чтоб ни шагу из дому! (Островский 5). (М.:) Watch out for Apollon Viktorovich. Don't let him set foot out of the house! (5a).

4. \Ш-20 не сделать, не предпринять (obj) not (to do or make any attempt to do) anything (in a situation where some action is expected, required etc): not make a (single) move

not take any steps (in limited contexts) make no effort (to do sth. ).

5. - (не отставать, не отходить и т. п.) от кого-чего ( adv or predic

subj: usu. human or animal)) not (to fall behind s.o. or sth. ) even the slightest distance (when walking, running etc)

X не отставал (не отходил) от Y-a \Ш-20 = X stayed right on person Yb heels (tail).

6. - от кого-чего (не отходить и т. п.) ( adv or predic (with subj: human or animal)) not (to be far from s.o. ) for even the slightest amount of time

X не отходит от Y-a \Ш-20 — X is never more than a few steps (feet) away from Y

X doesn't leave Y (Yb side) for an instant (a second, a minute) X sticks (stays) close to Y all the time (at all times etc) X stays glued to Y% side.

7. - без кого (predic

subj: human not to do or undertake anything (without s.o. 's consent, permission)

X без Y-a \Ш-20 = X doesn't (dare (dare to)) take a step (make a move) without Y (Yb permission, Y's go-ahead, Yb OK etc)

(Саяпин:) ...Без жены он, сам знаешь, ни шагу. (Зилов:) А он жену вчера на юг отправил. (Саяпин:) Вот оно что. То-то загулял мужик... (Вампилов 5). (S.:)... You know he doesn't make a move without his wife. (Z.:) But he sent her off to the south yesterday. (S.:) So that's why the guy is cutting loose... (5b).

8. \Ш-20 без кого-чего (predic

impers or with subj: human to be unable to function, act etc without s.o. or sth. : X без Y-a \Ш-20 = X won't (can't, doesn't etc) do anything (do a thing, go anywhere etc) without Y X is lost (helpless) without Y (in limited contexts) X can't get along (make it) without Y.

«Ведь не обходится же военная музыка без специалистов с высшим образованием?» - «Но без тебя-то, Аркадий, любая музыка обойдётся! Я в этом нисколько не сомневаюсь!» -«Ещё бы, конечно! Но ведь мне-то без неё - куда? Я без неё -ни шагу...» (Залыгин 1). "How can martial music get along without specialists with higher education?" "Any music can get along without you, Arkady! I've no doubt about that." "Of course it can! But how can I get along without it? Without it I can't do a thing..." (1a).